Broken Access Control vs IDOR vs SSRF

Broken Access Control Broken Access Control occurs when an application fails to enforce authorization rules properly. Users can perform actions or access resources beyond their assigned permissions, such as accessing admin features or modifying other users’ data. This is a broad category of vulnerabilities and is ranked #1 in the OWASP Top 10. Example: A normal user accesses /admin/deleteUser and the server allows it. Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) IDOR is a specific type of Broken Access Control. It happens when applications expose internal object identifiers (IDs) and fail to verify ownership before granting access. Example: Changing orderId=101 to orderId=102 in a URL and viewing another customer’s order. Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) SSRF occurs when an attacker tricks the server into making unauthorized requests to internal or external systems. Instead of accessing data directly, the attacker abuses the server’s network trust. Example: Supplying http://localhost/admin or a cloud metadata URL as input and forcing the server to fetch it.